Women in War gathers twenty Civil War memoirs and biographical narratives that relocate the conflict from battlefield myth to the hospitals, homes, refugee routes, occupied cities, and clandestine networks where women endured and interpreted war. Its documents range from diaries and reminiscences to nursing accounts, espionage narratives, domestic chronicles, and postwar biographical sketches. Encompassing Union and Confederate loyalties, Black and white experience, civilian witness and active service, the volume preserves especially vivid accounts of medical labor, displacement, military campaigning, and the moral strain of divided communities. The contributors include prominent diarists, nurses, teachers, relief workers, scouts, and observers whose writings emerged from markedly different regional, racial, and social positions. Together, their testimony belongs to the nineteenth-century tradition of personal war writing while also challenging its conventional masculine focus. The collection's inclusion of formerly enslaved and free Black perspectives alongside elite Southern diarists, Northern reform-minded writers, and women attached to military life reveals how emancipation, gendered labor, loyalty, and survival were inseparable from the war's history. These varied voices turn private record-keeping into a capacious archive of national rupture. Ideal for students, historians, and general readers, this anthology offers an unusually rich opportunity to compare conflicting memories and literary modes within one volume. It rewards close reading for its educational depth, emotional immediacy, and sustained dialogue between intimate experience and large-scale historical change.