Charles White, a late 19th to early 20th-century historian, cemented his legacy by chronicling the gritty convict past of Australia through his comprehensive text, 'Early Australian History. Convict Life in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land.' Little biographical information is recorded about White's personal life, yet his work has become an essential part of Australia's historical literary archive. In his book, published in parts between 1889 and 1890, White offers an unflinching glimpse into the harrowing conditions and the societal structures of penal colonies that shaped Australia's early history. His approach intertwines narrative flair with meticulous research, drawing on government documents, personal journals, and contemporary accounts to paint a vivid picture of convict life. His scrutiny of penal policies and the lived experiences of convicts contribute to an understanding of Australia's foundational narratives. White's attention to the systemic processes of law and order, and the daily lives of convicts, provides an important discourse on issues of justice and colonialism. Scholars often regard 'Convict Life in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land' as a seminal work that embodies both the struggle and the spirit of an emergent nation. The essence of White's historical discourse, therefore, lies in its raw, unvarnished portrayal of Australia's formative years, making it a staple reference for those studying the penal history of the country.