This volume contains eight chapters that detail recent advances in materials science research. Chapter One addresses the recent advances in the synthesis of renewably sourced derived monomers, such as acrylates, epoxy acrylates, epoxides and allylated monomers of carbohydrates, terpenes, vegetable oils and polyphenols. Chapter Two discusses the fundamental and applied aspects of using CQDs for various sensing applications. Chapter Three presents a critical analysis of light barrier films for packaging, mainly those used for light-sensitive food products. Chapter Four investigates the role of Sa concentration in the electroformation of PPy on different alloys such as 316L SS, Ti-6Al-4V, Nitinol, and AZ91D. Chapter Five emphasizes the critical importance of accurately diagnosing natural stone building facade pathologies to make rational decisions regarding maintenance and restoration needs. Chapter Six discusses the properties and uses of nano-silica. Chapter Seven studies the transformation phenomenon of single crystal silicon layers into nanostructured silicon. Finally, Chapter Eight uses a genetic algorithm based on Hansen's evolutionary strategy as an innovative experimental method on additive manufacturing processes.