Pierre Le Neindre is a retired scientist from INRA, France. He worked in the field on sheep and cattle in many environments ranging from very intensive such as veal calves in cages, to extensive such as beef cattle in the hills of France. He worked widely with sheep in France and Australia, mostly under in extensive conditions. He also worked on experiments into the onset of maternal behaviour and on the importance of endocrinology. He led a team studying ethics of animal husbandry and the biology of pain, suffering and consciousness. His team worked on basic academic studies as well as contract research for both the European and French ministries.